When should a first responder initiate CPR?

Initiating CPR is a critical action that must be taken in emergencies where the patient's life is at risk due to cardiac arrest. The key criterion for starting CPR is the patient's responsiveness and breathing status. When a patient is unresponsive and not breathing or only exhibiting abnormal breathing (such as gasping), this indicates that their heart may not be functioning effectively, and they require immediate resuscitation efforts.

In this scenario, the lack of responsiveness coupled with the absence of normal breathing signifies a dire need for CPR to circulate blood and oxygen to vital organs, which can make a significant difference in the outcome. This action serves to maintain blood flow until emergency medical services arrive or until further treatment can be provided, emphasizing the urgency of acting promptly in such situations.